Archive for the ‘Drug Abuse’ Category
Depression and drug use
Approximately every 40 seconds in the world dies a person to suicide, which translates to almost one million people a year, a situation that has increased 60% in less than five decades (WHO, 2011).
Under the initiative of the World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Association for Suicide Prevention (IASP) has chosen September 10 as “World Day for Prevention of Suicide,” to focus attention on the problem and institute preventive measures and collaboration at all levels and society actors.
Among the risk factors that increase the likelihood of suicidal acts are: poverty, unemployment, legal disputes, family or work family history of suicide, childhood abuse, isolation or social exclusion, abuse of alcohol or drugs, psychiatric as depression or schizophrenia, in addition to organic diseases and disabling pain (WHO, 2004). This shows that the suicide response to complex cases, however, is preventable.
Of the problems listed, include major depressive disorder and substance use disorder, alcohol abuse specifically (Borges, Walters & Kessler, 2000) in Latin America and the Caribbean are the two leading causes of disability ( PAHO, 2010, Medina-Mora, B., Benjet and Lara, 2011).
The Health Ministry says that depression is the leading cause of lost years of healthy life in Mexican women (Excelsior, 2011), is characterized by experience, at least five of the following symptoms (APA, 2000): depressed mood, lack interest or ability to experience pleasure, loss or significant increase in appetite, body weight or sleep, agitation or slowing of movements and fatigue continues, decreased ability to think, concentrate or decided and feelings of worthlessness, guilt or inappropriate type, is included suicide ideation or planning. Other important aspects to consider are: impairment in social, occupational, or areas that were important to the person, that the situation does not result from substance use and no recent loss or separation from loved ones. The magnitude can be mild, moderate or severe, depending on symptoms and functional disability (APA, 2000), which can be progressive if not treated.
Moreover, substances associated with suicidal behavior are marijuana, sedatives (medical drugs), stimulants and opioids, alcoholic beverages also highlight a significant (Ocampo, Bojorquez, Cortés, 2009). It is important to note that not talking about a direct relationship with drug use, but by combining their effects increases the likelihood of suicidal. One explanation is based on the impulse control disorder, the use of these substances allow impulsive acts by reducing self-control (Borges, Walters & Kessler, 2000, Bernal et al., 2007), either during use or withdrawal generated (Santamarina, Churches and Alonso, 2004). Read the rest of this entry »
Effects after consumption
The effects of cocaine can be divided into two parts. On one hand it must refer to the primary consequences that causes an individual consuming a dose of cocaine. For another, what can be termed as side effects of cocaine, all those leads caused by abuse, prolonged and excessive consumption of the substance.
Regarding the first point, leading to cocaine may be referred to as the pleasurable effects of it, main reason being consumed. These effects cause a great euphoria and excitement, which usually are accompanied by an elevation of self esteem.
Drugs Effects on The Body
These drugs produce stimulant effects by altering the perception level and causing hallucinations. The most frequently used is ecstasy, which causes feelings similar to amphetamine and mescaline.
Whichever is the dose that is consumed, will expand its impact.
At low doses produce feelings of euphoria and confidence in self-esteem, developing some fluency in communication and the ability to relate to others.
The results usually take place in three stages: first a slight loss of orientation, then a heightened euphoria and loss of control, reaching an exaggerated sociability.
Methods of Drug Administration
Methods of administration of cocaine not only determine the primary effects you feel the consumer, but also the potential health hazards. There are three ways exist to use cocaine. On the one hand the most common or usual among today’s consumers by intranasal, being sucked through the nose.
Intravenously can also be consumed cocaine, ie directly into the bloodstream through an injection. In contrast, the drug can also be smoked, especially if it is cocaine crystals, such as cocaine base or crack.
As mentioned, each shape will determine the effects you feel the consumer, as well as potential dangers. Anyway, and amen of the form used for the administration of cocaine, there are common risks to the individual.
Causes and Effects of Alcohol
It is impossible to specify a common cause to all consumers of alcohol, for reasons that can influence are varied and unique. Historically, statistics have made the strip more susceptible to alcoholism has always been that of adult men. However, in recent years these statistics have varied, the sector mentioned above had a decline, while marking an increase among women and young drinkers, being among the latter where it is most manifest violence.
They are different aspects that come together when the violence occurs. On the one hand, invariably weigh the amount of alcohol ingested. On the other hand, the individual characteristics also articulate the possible effects of alcohol, and environmental circumstances where it is made.
A place where many people are consuming, and the interaction of alcohol with other drugs, create an environment more conducive to violence.
The Effects of Alcohol Abuse
The potential violence caused by alcohol abuse not only affects alcoholics, but may do so at any person, to be determined by the surrounding circumstances of the person and the amount of alcohol consumed.
Alcohol acts directly on the consciousness of individuals, preventing, in moments of excessive consumption, normal reasoning and adapted to the environment in which it is located. Not only reality can be distorted by consumption, but also ideas and their own decisions.
This distortion caused by the abuse of alcohol, acting on the codes, conventions and rules of conduct can give rise to violence. As we said, violence can manifest itself in different ways.
Abuse of Stimulants
There are several points which may arise based on the abuse of stimulants. The general means of which part is the search for a night of fun, youth clubs and environments. However, the use of stimulants is not limited to the search for entertainment, or the clubs or young people.
Stimulants are increasingly consumed by all types of people. It has become habitual use of stimulants in order to suppress sleep and revive energy. Many people with an endless career or studies, go to stimulants to withstand and respond in a good way to its activities and requirements.
Thus it is that the use of stimulants has been extended by all sectors of society, to meet different objectives and different types of people. Whatever the case, whatever the reason and manner of consumption, the effects are the same and the consequences.
Combating drug addiction
It is common for media disseminate campaigns, sometimes promoted by official institutions and associations in other cases, to raise awareness of how harmful drug use is. Despite this effort, there is still a long road ahead and are grateful for all efforts to join forces in combating drug addiction.
One more is 57Balas, an interactive website, much like Web 2.0, which shows losefectos harmful to our health caused by the consumption of different classes of drugs. Visitors can select different parameters, depending on their physical characteristics, to understand the effects on their health.
Simply indicate the approximate height and weight, as well as drug consumidahabitualmente, to know the consequences of drogradicción.
57Balas will show a form with information detalladasobre the substance, its common or popular names, the effects produced during consumption and some things you can buy with the money intended for their consumption over a year.
Due to the consumption of drugs
In case of mental disorder, drug and alcohol abuse seven times increased risk of violence, indicating that health strategies aimed at reducing violence should be focused on drug prevention. People with a diagnosis of severe mental illness develop only when comorbid aggressive behavior.
Alcohol is the third among twenty-six risk factors for ill health in the European Union, beating overweight and obesity and behind only the snuff and hypertension. Several experts have analyzed the Fifteenth National Congress of Psychiatry, the relationship between alcohol and violence.
Josep Guard, Senior Consultant of Addictive Behaviour Unit of the Psychiatry of the Hospital San Pablo, Barcelona, ??and vice Socidrogalcohol, has referred to the false belief that the risk of violent behavior is higher in people with a diagnosis severe mental disorder. However, in general these patients only when they also develop aggressive acts have abused alcohol or drugs.
In the case of schizophrenia most of the risk of violence due to alcohol and drug abuse, bipolar disorder in all of the risk is due to abuse. What happens is that 60 percent of patients with TBP-1 also have drug and alcohol abuse.
In the case of psychotic disorder comorbidity with substance abuse, risk of violence is similar to that exhibited by people with and without psychotic disorder abuse.
In people with severe mental illness abuse alcohol and drugs increases to seven times the risk of violence, particularly homicide, assault, sexual assault, intimidation or arson.
The risk of homicide can be 38 percent when a paranoid psychotic disorder is associated with alcohol dependence.
The prevention of violent crime and recidivism involves the detection and diagnosis of alcohol and drug abuse and its treatment in people with severe mental disorder.
Early detection tool in the consumption of addictive substances
The Minister of Health and Human Services, Jose Ignacio Nieto, accompanied by the Director General of Public Health and Consumer Affairs, Jose Miguel Acitores, attended the first day of the course ‘Vulnerable Children and Substance Use: Detection and Intervention’, which held in the CIBIR from today until November 30.
This activity, organized by the Directorate General of Public Health and Consumer Affairs, involving 40 experts in care for young social disadvantaged, aims to provide specialized training in early detection and intervention of the addictions field.
This has fostered communication and coordination of all public and private institutions working with tweens and teens who have some risk of becoming problem drug users of any addictive substance.
This training initiative arises from the need for coordination and synergy of forces that must exist between the fields of Health and Human Services to improve the care of children at risk.
This training initiative with 40 participants are participating the Association for Children Rioja (APIRO) Pioneers Foundation; municipalities of Logrono, Arnedo, Alfaro, Rincon de Soto and Haro diagram Foundation, which manages the residence and floors Iregua children’s home; Association and the New Future and Spanish Red Cross.
The course covers all the content relating to addictions and children, starting from general concepts to get one to obtain and develop, after intensive training, skills and abilities to the detection and treatment of adolescent motivation and design a program specific intervention.
Intervention in disadvantaged contexts
According to a WHO report, a fifth of teenagers under 18 suffer a problem of developmental, emotional or behavioral problems, and “one of eight” has a mental disorder, a proportion that rises to “one of five” among socially disadvantaged children: poverty and child abuse are common factors in depression, anxiety and substance abuse. Read the rest of this entry »